Premiere Institutions Of India

Engineering is one of the most popular courses opted by Indian students and there are several engineering colleges in India offering engineering courses at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Students from all over the world study at India’s top ranking engineering colleges and institutes .

Name	City	State	Score	Rank
Indian Institute of Technology Madras	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	89.93	1
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi	New Delhi	Delhi	88.08	2
Indian Institute of Technology Bombay	Mumbai	Maharashtra	85.08	3
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur	Kanpur	Uttar Pradesh	82.18	4
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Kharagpur	West Bengal	80.56	5
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee	Roorkee	Uttarakhand	76.29	6
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati	Guwahati	Assam	74.90	7
Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad	Hyderabad	Telangana	66.44	8
National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli	Tiruchirappalli	Tamil Nadu	64.10	9
Indian Institute of Technology Indore	Indore	Madhya Pradesh	62.88	10
Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi	Varanasi	Uttar Pradesh	62.54	11
Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)	Dhanbad	Jharkhand	62.06	12
National Institute of Technology Karnataka	Surathkal	Karnataka	61.30	13
Anna University	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	59.89	14
Vellore Institute of Technology	Vellore	Tamil Nadu	59.32	15
National Institute of Technology Rourkela	Rourkela	Odisha	59.29	16
Jadavpur University	Kolkata	West Bengal	59.23	17
Institute of Chemical Technology	Mumbai	Maharashtra	58.70	18
National Institute of Technology Warangal	Warangal	Telangana	57.76	19
Amrita School of Engineering	Amritapuri	Kerala	57.37	20
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology	Shibpur	West Bengal	57.14	21
Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar	Bhubaneswar	Odisha	56.80	22
National Institute of Technology Calicut	Kozhikode	Kerala	56.56	23
Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar	Gandhinagar	Gujarat	56.15	24
Indian Institute of Technology Ropar	Rupnagar	Punjab	55.95	25
Indian Institute of Technology Patna	Patna	Bihar	55.74	26
Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology	Nagpur	Maharashtra	54.76	27
Jamia Millia Islamia	New Delhi	Delhi	54.58	28
Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology	Patiala	Punjab	54.45	29
Birla Institute of Technology & Science	Pilani	Rajasthan	54.39	30
Indian Institute of Technology Mandi	Mandi	Himachal Pradesh	54.17	31
Amity University Noida	Gautam Budh Nagar	Uttar Pradesh	53.09	32
Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology	Thiruvananthapuram	Kerala	53.01	33
Siksha `O` Anusandhan	Bhubaneswar	Odisha	52.38	34
Malaviya National Institute of Technology	Jaipur	Rajasthan	52.25	35
Delhi Technological University	New Delhi	Delhi	51.99	36
Shanmugha Arts Science Technology & Research Academy	Thanjavur	Tamil Nadu	51.79	37
Birla Institute of Technology	Ranchi	Jharkhand	51.42	38
Aligarh Muslim University	Aligarh	Uttar Pradesh	51.39	39
National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra	Kurukshetra	Haryana	51.19	39
S. R. M. Institute of Science and Technology	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	50.95	41
Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology	Bhubaneswar	Odisha	50.07	42
International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad	Hyderabad	Telangana	49.45	43
Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering	Kancheepuram	Tamil Nadu	49.26	44
Manipal Institute of Technology	Manipal	Karnataka	49.06	45
National Institute of Technology Silchar	Silchar	Assam	48.66	46
National Institute of Technology Durgapur	Durgapur	West Bengal	48.39	47
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology	Allahabad	Uttar Pradesh	48.24	48
PSG College of Technology	Coimbatore	Tamil Nadu	47.21	49
College of Engineering Pune	Pune	Maharashtra	46.79	50
Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	46.77	51
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology	Jalandhar	Punjab	46.45	52
Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur	Jodhpur	Rajasthan	46.13	53
Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology	Surat	Gujarat	45.59	54
Visvesvaraya Technological University	Belgaum	Karnataka	45.37	55
Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi	New Delhi	Delhi	45.03	56
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University	Hyderabad	Telangana	44.97	57
Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation University	Vaddeswaram	Andhra Pradesh	44.70	58
M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology	Bengaluru	Karnataka	43.74	59
Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Higher Education	Srivilliputtur	Tamil Nadu	43.71	60
National Institute of Technology Meghalaya	Shillong	Meghalaya	43.69	61
International Institute of Information Technology Bangalore	Bengaluru	Karnataka	43.55	62
Defence Institute of Advanced Technology	Pune	Maharashtra	43.13	63
Thiagarajar College of Engineering	Madurai	Tamil Nadu	43.11	64
Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology	Bhopal	Madhya Pradesh	42.17	65
Indian Institute of Information Technology Guwahati	Guwahati	Assam	41.92	66
National Institute of Technology Raipur	Raipur	Chhattisgarh	41.58	67
Punjab Engineering College (Deemed To Be University)	Chandigarh	Chandigarh	41.43	68
College of Engineering(A)	Visakhapatnam	Andhra Pradesh	41.36	69
R. V. College of Engineering	Bengaluru	Karnataka	41.02	70
Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute	Mumbai	Maharashtra	40.58	71
Panjab University	Chandigarh	Chandigarh	40.44	72
B.M.S. College of Engineering	Bengaluru	Karnataka	40.35	73
Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT)	Thanjavur	Tamil Nadu	40.24	74
National Institute of Technology Agartala	Agratala	Tripura	39.98	75
Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT)	South West	Delhi	39.97	76
National Institute of Technology Goa	Ponda	Goa	39.93	77
Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University	Katra	Jammu and Kashmir	39.68	78
National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur	Jamshedpur	Jharkhand	39.44	79
Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences	Coimbatore	Tamil Nadu	39.40	80
Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing Jabalpur	Jabalpur	Madhya Pradesh	39.29	81
Kumaraguru College of Technology	Coimbatore	Tamil Nadu	39.24	82
Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology	Coimbatore	Tamil Nadu	38.83	83
Chandigarh University	Mohali	Punjab	38.82	84
College of Engineering Trivandrum	Thiruvananthapuram	Kerala	38.68	85
Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University	New Delhi	Delhi	38.61	86
Lovely Professional University	Phagwara	Punjab	38.44	87
University College of Engineering	Hyderabad	Telangana	38.43	88
Graphic Era University	Dehradun	Uttarakhand	38.32	89
Coimbatore Institute of Technology	Coimbatore	Tamil Nadu	38.24	90
Siddaganga Institute of Technology	Tumkur	Karnataka	38.23	91
National Institute of Technology Patna	Patna	Bihar	38.21	92
C.V. Raman Global University	Bhubaneswar	Odisha	37.94	93
PES University	Bengaluru	Karnataka	37.94	93
Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R & D Institute of Science and Technology	Chennai	Tamil Nadu	37.86	95
Jaypee Institute of Information Technology	Noida	Uttar Pradesh	37.80	96
University College of Engineering	Kakinada	Andhra Pradesh	37.77	97
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur	Hamirpur	Himachal Pradesh	37.73	98
Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Engineering	Pune	Maharashtra	37.71	99
Atal Bihari Vajpayee Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management	Gwalior	Madhya Pradesh	37.60	100

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Must read books

1. Thermodynamics: P.K. Nag, Cengel & Boles
2. Strength of Materials: William A Nash(Schaum outline series), Timoshenko 
3. Mechanics: A. K. Tayal
4. Machine Design: V. B. Bhandari
5. Material science: O. P. Khanna
6. Theory of Machine (Kinematics & Dynamics of Machine): S. S. Rattan, R. S. Khurmi
7. Manufacturing: Kalpakjian, Ghosh & Malik
8. Heat and mass transfer: R. C. Sachdeva
9. Operation research: Hira & Gupta
10. Fluid dynamics & Kinematics: K. L. Kumar, K. Subramanya
11. Mathematics: B. S. Grewal
12. Fluid Dynamics and Turbomachines by Dr. Shamit Bakshi and Dr. Dhiman Chatterjee, Faculty in Mechanical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (the second part is for Turbomachinery
13. Fluid Mechanis by Yunus A. Cengel &John M. Cimbala
14. Fluid mechanics by F M. White. 

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Publishers' Directory of India

1. Prabhat Prakashan Private Limited

New Delhi, India

Prabhat Prakashan, an ISO 9001:2015 certified company, is one of the leading publishing houses in India. We have a glorious history of sixty years of publishing quality books on almost all streams.

 

 2. Genius Publications

Jaipur, India 

Genius Publications was established in 2002 and now today we are one of the leading Publishers in the market. Genius Publications is a privately owned publishing company dedicated to the global dissemination of information.

 

3.   BrainMate Book Publication

Noida, India

BrainMate is a reputed organization of CBSE school book publishers in all over India, There are 2 branch in India, His head office in Meerut and branch in Noida Sector 10. Currently BrainMate served 7000+ customers with positive feedback.

 

4. IED Communication ltd 

Mumbai, India

We 'IED Communications Ltd' the Publishers & the organizers of the Automation 2010 show in India are the leading publishers of the Industrial Automation magazine. The Industrial Automation magazine is the complete Automation related magazine, new products releases; new Technological

 

 5. Narosa Publishing House Private Limited

New Delhi, India

Publishers of textbooks for college and university students, reference books and research monographs in chemistry, computer science, earth science, engineering, environmental science, life sciences, mathematics/statistics, medicine and physics.

6. Newspostalk

Ballabgarh, India

Newspostalk covers all global news & provide quality news in a various niche like Continents News, World News, Business News, Sports News, Entertainment News, Health News, technology News, Science News.

7. Medknow Publications Pvt Ltd

Mumbai, India

Publishers of peer-reviewed, open access journals in science, technology and medicine.

8. I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

New Delhi, India

IK is one of the leading international scientific publishing company in science, technology and medicine. With head office in New Delhi and Branch office in all major cities in India.

9. CESER Publications

Roorkee, India

CESER PUBLICATIONS™ (www.ceser.in) was established in 1999 as a scholarly publisher. From that beginning, CESER PUBLICATIONS™ has been dedicated to the advancement and dissemination of knowledge to scholars, students, the scientific and academic societies. CESER Publications is rapidly growing 

 

10. Digital Information Research Foundation

Chennai, India

Digital Information Research Foundation is one of the largest publishers of Science and Technology journals. The journals published by them are reviewed and indexed in many global databases.

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Automation Engineering Books

Industrial Automation Books

S.No.	Title	Size	Download
1	Programmable Logic Controller PLC Book	4.85 MB	Click Here
2	What is Industrial Automation	1.16 MB	Click Here
3	Instrumentation and PLC	2.22 MB	Click Here
4	Basics of Industrial Automation	2.98 MB	Click Here
5	Industrial Communication Systems	3.1 MB	Click Here
6	Industrial Automation Devices	477 KB	Click Here
7	HART, EDDL, FDT, DTM, MMS, OPC	4.41 MB	Click Here
8	IEC61850	788 KB	Click Here
9	Inputs and Outputs Fieldbus	525 KB	Click Here
10	SCADA Operator Interface	2.49 MB	Click Here
11	Control Systems Dependability	1.32 MB	Click Here
12	Programming Languages for Industrial Automation	667 KB	Click Here
13	Real Time Programming	390 KB	Click Here
14	Real-time operating system	274 KB	Click Here
15	Hydraulic Servo System	2.57 MB	Click Here
16	PLC Primer	238 KB	Click Here
17	PLC Glossary	89 KB	Click Here
18	Basics of PLCs	3.84 MB	Click Here
19	Data Acquisition	1.28 MB	Click Here
20	Control Systems	14.45 MB	Click Here
21	Programmable Logic Design	3.21 MB	Click Here
22	DCS or PLC	212 KB	Click Here

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PPT on Engine

Engine is a most  significant discovery of human civilization. The discovery of  engine  gave a booster to industrialization. Engines are influencing  very vast areas of our daily life, we all are familiar to a simple engine like motorbike to a complicated one jet engines.

In this presentation we are going to give a collective information about engines, types of engines and various kinds of cycles on which engines are working. 

Click here to download

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Project Report on Engines

An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion. Heat engines, including internal combustion engines and external combustion engines (such as steam engines) burn a fuel to create heat which is then used to create motion. Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical motion, pneumatic motors use compressed air and others, such as clockwork motors in wind-up toys use elastic energy. In biological systems, molecular motors like myosins in muscles use chemical energy to create motion.

Click here to download

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Industrial training report on Gear Manufacturing (PPT)

FACILITIES AVAILABLE IN THE COMPANY FOR GEAR FORGING & MACHINING

• VMC Machines
• CNC Turing Machines
• Gear Shaper Machine 
• Broaching Machines
• Bore Grinding Machines
• Sealed Quenching Furnaces 
• Hot and cold Forging Presses
• Gear Hobbing and Shaving Machines 

Click here for download

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PPT on ABS (Antilock Braking System)

Which is commonly known as ABS is used as an antiskid device in a vehicle. It used to prevent skidding of wheels while braking when we want to stop the vehicle or suddenly reduce its speed at any time.

ABS was first developed for aircraft use in 1929 by the French automobile and aircraft pioeer, Gabriel Voisin.

It provides better stability and control over vehicle while braking at high speed.

Click here for download

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Dissertation on ABS (Anti-lock Braking System)

An anti-lock braking system (ABS) is a safety system on motor vehicles which prevents the wheels from locking while braking.A rotating road wheel allows the driver to maintain steering control under heavy braking, by preventing a locked wheel or skid, and allowing the wheel to continue to forward roll and create lateral control, as directed by driver steering inputs. Disadvantages of the system include increased braking distances under some limited circumstances (snow, gravel, "soft" surfaces), and the creation of a "false sense of security" among drivers who do not understand the operation, and limitations of ABS.

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Mechanical Engineering vs Civil Engineering

These two branches of engineering are so famous and high in demand that every engineering student wants to know that which among these two is better? Both of these branches of engineering are high in merit in all universities all over the world. It’s really hard to choose one which is better among these two disciplines. I interviewed almost twenty Mechanical and Civil engineers before writing about this issue. Those who were mechanical engineers, they said Mechanical Engineering is better while those who are Civil Engineers, they said that Civil Engineering is better. So Mechanical Engineering vs Civil Engineering – the debate goes on.

Here I would like to present a more logical difference between these two disciplines of engineering and I hope it will help all young students and prospective students to get to know about these two branches of engineering. Because in the end, I personally think it’s someone’s interest which makes him/her choose between Mechanical or Civil Engineering.

So before i start and you make a choice, it is best to know what is Mechanical Engineering and what is Civil Engineering?

Mechanical engineering involves working on machines. Both are traditional engineering programmes. Mechanical Engineering in layman terms can be termed as the study of automobile machines and mechanics related to that.

While Civil engineering is focuses on design, construction and maintenance of buildings and associated structures.

Scope of work involved 

Mechanical Engineering

Design and control of system that goes into the process of manufacturing the machinery and product.

Testing new systems.

Quality management and improvement.

Marketing products and systems.

Civil Engineering

Design, supervision and construction of structures.

Calculating the cost involved, safety of the structure and potential environmental risks.

Involves travelling quite frequently.

Type of Industry for work 

Mechanical Engineering 

Manufacturing

Automobile

Power

Aeronautical

Civil Engineering 

Building and construction

Private consulting firms

Government departments

Research institutes

Specializations Available

Mechanical Engineering

Production engineering

Automobile engineering

Nuclear engineering

Nanotechnology

Bio-medical engineering

Environmental engineering

Civil Engineering

Structural engineering

Environmental engineering

Transportation engineering

Specific Skills

Mechanical Engineering 

Good technical and communication skill coupled with logical capability to interpret complex and changing concepts.

Civil Engineering

 Good logical and mental capability, problem solving skills and ability to grasp new concepts are very essential to be a good civil engineer.

Should be able to express yourself using figures and words.

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Some Standard Books for IES and GATE Exam

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What is Detonation in Engine?

Detonation is the spontaneous combustion of the end-gas (remaining fuel/air mixture) in the chamber. It always occurs after normal combustion is initiated by the spark plug. The initial combustion at the spark plug is followed by a normal combustion burn. For some reason, likely heat and pressure, the end gas in the chamber spontaneously combusts. The key point here is that detonation occurs after you have initiated the normal combustion with the spark plug.Under normal conditions, the combusting air and fuel mixture inside the combustion chamber ignites in a controlled manner. The mixture is ignited by the spark, normally in the centre of the cylinder, and a flame front moves from the spark towards the outside of the cylinder in a controlled burn.  Detonation, or engine knock, occurs simply when fuel pre-ignites before the piston reaches scheduled spark ignition. This means that a powerful explosion is trying to expand a cylinder chamber that is shrinking in size, attempting to reverse the direction of the piston and the engine.  Causing sudden pressure changes in the cylinder (Up to 10x that normally experienced), and extreme temperature spikes that can be very damaging on engine pistons, rings, rods, gaskets, bearings, and even the cylinder heads.

Even the best engine components cannot withstand severe detonation for more than a few seconds at a time. More severe detonation obviously leads to more severe forms of engine damage. If there is enough heat and pressure in the combustion chamber, detonation can begin to occur before the spark plug even fires, which would normally initiate the combustion. Under these circumstances, known as "pre-ignition", the piston may be travelling up towards a wave of compressed, exploding gas. These are the worst kinds of detonation conditions, and can bend con-rods and destroy pistons.

Detonation causes three types of failure:

      1. Mechanical damage (broken ring lands)

      2. Abrasion (pitting of the piston crown)

      3. Overheating (scuffed piston skirts due to excess heat input or high coolant

           temperatures)

So what causes detonation?

Any of the following items can be factors that cause detonation:

Ignition Timing

Improper ignition timing is usually down to incorrect setup, rather than any system failure.  This can be corrected by checking the static timing and maximum advance.  Most modern forced induction vehicles have an electronic device known as a "knock sensor" that will control the ignition timing by retarding it if it detects any "knock".

Lean Air/Fuel ratio

A lean air/fuel mixture will promote detonation, because a lesser quantity of fuel, when vaporised, will absorb less heat.  Thus a lean mixture increases heat, the root cause of detonation.  For this reason, you will usually find that supercharged vehicles will, if anything tend to run a slightly rich Air/fuel mixture.  In this way the extra fuel actually acts as a liquid intercooler.

Fuel Octane

A fuels Octane rating is a measure of its resistance to spontaneous combustion, or detonation.  The greater the Octane the greater the resistance.  In the UK, standard Unleaded fuel is rated at 95 Ron (Research Octane Number), Currently the highest Octane Rated Fuel available in the UK is Shell Optimax, this has an Octane rating of 98. (I am only using Optimax in the Lightweight.)

Exhaust gas back pressure

Any restriction or blockage in the Exhaust system will increase back pressure, this means that the hot exhaust gasses are kept in the combustion chamber for longer, thus increasing chamber temperature and increasing the likelihood of detonation.

Intercooler

If a supercharged system has been designed to operate with an intercooler, then anything that compromises the intercoolers efficiency will drastically lower the engines threshold to detonation.

Ambient heat

Very high boost, high performance supercharged systems tend to run close to the detonation threshold.  These tend to be more susceptible to Ambient heat.  On very hot days when the ambient temperature rises dramatically they can actually cross the threshold and the results can be disastrous.

So how do you get rid of detonation?

The two most common tricks (and easiest options) used by supercharger manufacturers and engine tuners looking to obtain maximum performance without detonation is 1. use higher octane fuel, and 2. retard the ignition timing.

Higher octane fuel burns more controllably and is not as likely to combust before the flame front. This is why racing engines use 100+ octane fuel. The ONLY benefit of racing fuel is that it moves you away from the detonation threshold, which allows you to be more aggressive with power producing factors - i.e. raise compression, advance timing, etc. So simply putting 100 octane fuel in a standard production car will not produce a racing car as it is just not tuned correctly to take advantage of the Octane rating.

Retarding the ignition timing will delay the timing of the spark, which also moves you away from your detonation threshold. Most popular "power programmers" or "chips" increase engine power by advancing the ignition timing, and requiring you to run a higher octane fuel to avoid detonation. These work great, except the advanced ignition timing is NOT compatible with most superchargers, unless you're happy to run 100 octane fuel. In fact, many supercharger systems include an "ignition boost retard" that retards the ignition timing when it senses boost from the supercharger.

Another way to avoid detonation is to cool the incoming air charge to lower the temperature inside the combustion chamber. On a supercharged application, this task can be handled by an intercooler/Charge cooler or by a water injection system (less common). The intercooler takes the incoming air charge and passes it over a series of air-cooled or water-cooled fins and ducts, thus cooling the air in the same way that a radiator cools your engine's coolant. Intercoolers are thus very popular in higher output supercharger systems, where detonation becomes more of a problem. A suitable  intercooler allows you to run more boost and also allows you to eliminate the ignition boost retard, meaning you'll notice increased performance, and still experience no detonation.

Another way to lower the temperature of the combusting air and fuel is to run cooler heat range spark plugs. Many supercharger manufacturers will recommend cooler plugs for your supercharged engine.

Because a lean condition (fuel starvation) also contributes to detonation, it is important to make sure that the fuel system (pump, injectors, etc.) is capable of delivering the increased fuel requirements of the supercharged engine. Often, an otherwise perfectly tuned engine will experience detonation just because the fuelling system can't deliver enough fuel to the engine. Upgrading certain fuel components is sometimes necessary when supercharging an engine. More commonly the ECU that controls the Fuelling MAP needs to be upgraded.  If you are installing a supercharger on an engine with other modifications, you need to make sure you consider the additional fuel requirements and compensate with larger injectors and / or a bigger fuel pump if required.

Conclusion

You should pay close attention to "knock" and pinging noises that come from your engine because they could indicate detonation inside the combustion chamber and should be dealt with immediately.  If ignored it could prove to be a costly decision.

Although detonation can be potentially damaging to an engine, it is easily controlled once you understand the causes.  With a little thought when implementing the chosen design there should be no reason for detonation to occur.

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Difference between CI and SI engine .

1. In SI engines, a properly mixed air-fuel mixture is provided by an electrical spark. Whereas in CI engines high temperature caused by compressing the air is sufficient for ignition.Hence they are called CI engines.

2.The SI engine works on Otto cycle. WhereasThe CI engine works on Diesel cycle.

3. the fuel used in SI engine is Petrol that burns if left in air at a little bit temperature. It is very volatile. The fuel used in CI engine is Diesel that has less self-ignition tendency and is less volatile.

4. In SI engines, aromatics are most preferred fuels whereas in CI engines alkanes are preferred as fuels.

5. A fuel must pass through four criteria before it is used : (a) volatility, (b) anti-knock quality, (c) gum deposits, and (d) sulphur content. Except volatility, other three can be managed.

   More volatility means less ignition temperature, which in turn implies that a lower compression ratio can be obtained(as is the case with SI engines). In CI engines, diesel is used that is less volatile than petrol. So an appreciably larger compression ratio can be obtained that yields more efficiency. So volatility of fuels does play a crucial role in determining the efficiency of the Internal Combustion engines.

3. The air-fuel mixture is homogeneous throughout in SI while in CI only air enters and in the cylinder mixture is heterogeneous.

4. In SI engine, properly mixed air-fuel mixture in carburettor enters the cylinder. But in CI engine, only air enters the cylinder.

5.In CI engines the compression ratio is higher, which produces high pressures inside the engine. Hence CI engines are heavier than SI engines.

6.  Petrol or SI engines are lightweight, and the fuel is homogeneously burned, hence achieving very high speeds. CI engines are heavier and the fuel is burned heterogeneously, hence producing lower speeds.

7. In SI engine, the combustion chamber is smaller because there is no smoke. But in CI engine, due to smoke, combustion chamber has to be larger.

8. In SI engines, knocking is due to pre-ignition. It can result in detonation and can damage the engine altogether. But in CI engines, knocking is due to ignition delay, and hence it is least harmful.

9. The compression ratio is in the range of 6-10 in SI engines whereas in CI engines, it is about 12-20. Hence CI engines are considered efficient than the SI engines.

10.In the case of SI engines the lower compression ratio reduces their potential to achieve higher thermal efficiency. But in the case of CI engines the value of compression ratio is higher; hence these engines have the potential to achieve higher thermal efficiency.

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Milling Machine (PPT)

•Used to produce one or more machined surfaces accurately on workpiece

–One or more rotary milling cutters

•Workpiece held on work table or holding device and brought into contact with cutter

•Vertical milling machine most common

•Horizontal milling machine handles operations normally performed by other tools.

ppt on milling machine

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What is Supercharger?

Superchargers are also called forced induction systems. An internal combustion engine works by drawing a mixture of air and fuel (the intake charge) into its cylinders, compressing that mixture and then burning it. The more air/fuel mixture that can be crammed into the cylinders for burn, the more power the engine produces. We can increase power in three basic ways:

1) By  improving the engine’s ability to draw more air and fuel into the cylinders and expel its burned exhaust gases (its volumetric efficiency, or ‘breathing’)

2) By increasing the swept volume of the cylinders (the engine’s displacement), so you can fit more air and fuel into each cylinder.

3) By applying the force the intake charge into the cylinders under high pressure, squeezing more air and fuel into the available volume. Forcing air into the engine at higher than atmospheric pressure is called supercharging. A supercharger is a mechanical air compressor that pressurizes the air going into the engine. There are several types of compressor used for car and truck engines, most commonly Roots-type, centrifugal, and Lysholm compressors; each has pros and cons, but they have the same basic function.

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